Small Hive Beetle Management The small hive beetle (SHB) (Aethina tumida) is a pernicious threat to beekeepers and can swiftly destroy a thriving hive. Originally native to sub-Saharan Africa, the SHB has become a significant issue in Australia since it was first identified in Australia in 2002, particularly in warm and humid coastal regions between Victoria and North Queensland. The larvae of the SHB cause the majority of harm to active hives by consuming brood, honey, and pollen and contaminating the honey with a fermenting yeast.
Heavy infestations can cause a “slime-out” and colony collapse. To minimise the damage caused by SHB, beekeepers should follow a set of preventative measures, particularly during the summer months when temperatures are above 30°C and humidity is 70% or higher, as these conditions are ideal for SHB activity and reproduction. Some of the strategies include: Maintaining strong, healthy colonies with young and productive queens.
Uniting weak colonies to form stronger ones, or boosting weaker colonies with a frame of capped brood from strong colonies. Removing excess comb to ensure that the bees do not have too much comb relative to colony size. Minimising cracks and crevices in the hive and using high-quality equipment to allow bee access to areas of the hive.
Keeping the bottom board of the hive free of debris. Taking care when re-queening to avoid hive stress and manipulation that can create conditions suitable for SHB reproduction. Avoiding the use of combs and equipment that are infested with any stage of the SHB life cycle.
Maintaining good hygiene around the apiary to reduce the attraction of SHB. By following these preventative measures, beekeepers can reduce the risk of SHB damage and support healthy colonies.